5th grade
Natural numbers
Basic arithmetic operations
Calculation laws and advantages
Geometry

6th grade
Divisibility of numbers
Factions
Decimal fractions
Angles and angle measures

7th grade
Assignment and rule of three
Calculation of percentage
Rational numbers
Equation and inequation
Probability calculus

8th grade
Function and assignment
Triangles
Quadrangles
Calculation of surfaces
Transformation of terms
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9th grade
The root
Record set of the pythagoras

10th grade
Circle calculation
The cone
Power calculation
Power laws
Exponential function
Logarithm
Trigonometry
Probability calculus

 

Roman numbers
Number way of writing with letters

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On many old buildings, we encounter annual details that are written in numbers not at all similar to our Arabic numerals: roman numerals, named after the ancient Romans that used to use these numbers.

Numerals:

Roman numeral

I

V

X

L

C

D

M

Number value

1

5

10

50

100

500

1000

 

System:

Since numbers like 18 didn’t have symbols of their own, several symbols were put together to make the right result, where as the biggest symbols where on the left side and the smallest on the right:

Hence: 18 = XVIII

Because XVIII equals 10+5+1+1+1 is 18.

To write a number like 9, the Romans had to write VIIII. But because this is much too long winded, they just said: 9 is the same thing as 10-1.

The smaller number is written in front of the bigger one to indicate to the “minus”.

That means: 9, is the same as 10-1 and it is written IX.

This way, only two signs were needed instead of five.

Important: the Romans only did this procedure with numbers like 4 (VI), 9 (IX), 14 (XIV), 19 (XIX) and so on. For the number 8 they wrote normally again: VIII.

To write a complicated number like 1928, you just have to combine the symbols following certain rules:

That means:

M

C

M

X

X

V

I

I

I

MCMXXVIII

1000

-100

+1000

+10

+10

+5

+1

+1

+1

1928

 

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02/09/07